Ball piston pump



Dec; 5, 1953 F. PAULSMEIER ETAL 2,

BALL PISTON PUMP Filed Sept. 12, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORS: FR/ZZPAULSME/ER y HANS MPSCHAU K. /A W ATTORNEK Dec. 5, 1953 F. PAULSMEIERETAL 2,662,432

BALL PISTON PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 12, 1951 S 0 MT U T H M Nsk N s R r z N J R Patented Dec. 15, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIGE.

BALL PIS TON PUMP Fritz Paulsmcier, Hamburg Bergedorf, and HansWarsch'au, Hamburg-Fuhlsbuttel, Germany.-

Applicationseptembe'r 12, 1951, Serial No. 246,206 6 Claims. (01.103-117) 1 2 The p esent inv t on r l tes to'improvements Thecylindrical head of the oscillating piston in ball piston pumps. 4 isrigidly associated with two ball segments 5 n Obj c f t e nv t on is toprovide a fluid and 6 (see Fig. 2) and is therefore completely; pump ofthe type comprising a spherical pump supported in the housing ll whichis provided c am r, a pis on member having a pheric l with anexchangeable bearing lining H a.

surface fitting into said pump chamber, and two The pumping actionof themachine is obtained" operating elements positioned at right angles. to win such manner that on rotating the driving shaft each other andindividually journaled to said I the oscillating piston sections i, and6 driven piston member for universal movement of one by the drivingelement 2 arerotated and simuloperating element relativeto the otheroperating taneously oscillated due to engagement of the element, thepiston member and the operating guide groove or cut-out l2withan'operating ele-"- elements being so shaped that losses due toinment 3ahaving a pin 3 inclined to the driving. ternal friction of thefluid and friction between shaft i (see Fig. 3) so that between theflanks of the latter and-thernovable parts of the pumpare the elements 2and 311 on the one hand and thereduced toaminimume flanks of thecut-outs in pistons on the other A further object of theinvention is theprohand chamber are successively opened and vision of a fluid pump ofthe type described supra. closed with a mouth-like movement in front ofin which the. sphericalsurfaceof the piston memthe inlet and outletopenings 7 and 8;

her is only interrupted by two relatively small cut-. In the embodimentaccording to "Figsx l to' fi outs for receiving the operating elementsleaving the cylindrical head is not provided on the oscilrelativelylarge ball segments at 'either'side of lating piston M but on thedriving element the journal portions of the operating elementscorrespondingly the piston :14 is formed as :a I aiiording secureconnection of the latter with the. socket to receive this head.Moreover, this empiston member and reducing leakageto a mini- W bodimentdiifers from that of Figs. 1 to 3 because mum and considerablyincreasing over-all effi-. the concave'surface portions I6 of thedriving ciency of the pump. Due to the considerablesealelement i 5 (Fig.4) i and the flanks or surface poring surfaces and the secureuniversal-jointcontions 11, ii of the other operating element 19nections provided in the pump according to the (Fig. 5)' are not flatbut concave and the bottom invention, this pump can produceextraordinarily. portions i 8, 8, respectively; of the. piston cut highpressures. so out in M are correspondingly convex. Thereby Twoconstructional embodiments of the inven-.- the result is obtained thatthe fluid to be pumped tion are described below with reference tothe.-ac-. flows tangentially into the suction chamber withcompanyingdrawings wherein: o-ut pressure loss and is likewisedelivered from Figs.1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the. the pressure chamber.

invention, Fig. 1 being a section of the pump. on. .35 In Fig. 5 thereisshown how, on the oscillat" the line II of Fig. 3, Fig. 2 being asection along... ing rotary movement of the pump piston, the line 11-11of Fig. Land Fig. 3 being a section. inlet" area Q1 in the suctionchamber, beginningi on IIIIIIof Fig. 1. with the piston positionaccording to Fig. 4, is re- Figs. 4. to 6 show a second embodiment, Fig.4 duced first to the area Q2 and finally to' the area being a sectionalview corresponding to Fig. 1, so Q3 as shown in dotted lines. To assurethat at Fig. 5 being a section on VV of Fig.4, and Fig. this moment thepumped fluid can be transferred 6 being a view toward the suction sideof the pump. without pressure loss into the pressure chamber, accordingto Fig. 4. the liner 260i the bearing housing enclosing'the Fig. '7 isan exploded view of the heart ofthe piston is cut away at Zion thesuctiohside and pump according to the invention. 4.5 at 22 on thepressure side (see also Fig. The Fig. 8 is an exploded view as Fig. 7,the parts length of these cut-aways, which have a. con being revolved 90relatively to Fig. 7. cave spherical configuration, depends on the di-According to Fig. 1 the driving shaft is rigidly anieter of the ballpiston Mend amounts to about connected with an operating element?!formed 1 2- or of the circumference of the piston.

as a ball socket; This encloses ina pincer-like Otherwise theconstruction and method of opmanner the cylindrical head of theoscillating eration of the pump according to Figs. 4 and 5 piston t inthe mannerof a knuckle-joint,-piston are the same as that of the pumpshown in Figs. 4 also having a guide groove i2 (see Fig. 3) eX- 1 to 3.Due to the universal joint connection, tending over two thirds ofitsperiphery. Piston H large sealing surfaces are produced so that the Mecarried by the operating element 2. pump according to the invention issuitable for u very high pressures, for example for spraying highlycompressed fuel mixtures.

The pump may be used for several purposes because either the unloaded,idle-running shaft 3 or 3' can be used for driving other apparatus, forexample a counting device for measuring the amount of fiuid delivered.The vacuum on the suction side of the pump may be used for operating amilking machine. Compressed air delivered by the pump may be used forinflating vehicle tires.

The pump according to the invention can also be constructed for exampleas a compressor for a refrigerator.

The material for the ball socket for the operating elements 2, l5, l9and the piston 4 or M can be chosen according to the type of fluid to bepumped. Besides steel, bronze, aluminum, and synthetic materials, rubbercan be used. Types of rubber are known which are very strong and adherefirmly to metals. Pistons, piston segments and bearing sockets made ofsuch rubbers permit the use of the pump inter alia not only for pumpingclear liquids but also water containing sand and other littleornon-lubricating fluids whereby the field of application of the pump isconsiderably increased.

What we claim is:

1. A pump comprising a housing having a spherical pump chamber, an inletand an outlet conduit extending from said chamber, a member having aspherical surface and being rotatable in said chamber, said memberhaving a first and a second cut-out, said cut-outs being diametricallyopposed, each cut-out having two plane, spaced, and parallel side wallsarranged symmetrically with respect to planes containing the center ofsaid member, the side walls of the first cut-out being placed at a rightangle with respect to the side walls of the second cut-out, said firstcut-out having a cylindrically curved, central bottom pertion extendingaround a diameter of said member which diameter is at a right angle withrespect to the planes of the side walls of said first cut-out, saidfirst cut-out having two bottom portions symmetrically flaring from saidcentral bottom portion between said side walls, a first operatingelement having two plane parallel side surfaces individually slidablyengaging the plane parallel side walls of said first cut-out, said firstelement having an outer surface portion shaped spherically with the samediameter as the spherical surface of said member, said first elementhaving a cylindrically curved surface portion extending at a right anglewith respect to said plane parallel surfaces and slidably fitting saidcentral bottom portion of said first cut-out, said first element havingtwo surface portions symmetrically flaring from said cylindricallycurved surface portion, said second cut-out having a cylindricallycurved central bottom portion extending betw n and t a ri h angle to theplanes of the side walls of said second cut-out and around the diameterof said member, said second cut-out having two bottom portionssymmetrically flaring from said central bottom portion of the secondcut-out between said side walls, a second operating element having twoplane, parallel side surfaces individually, slidably engaging the plane,parallel side walls of said second cut-out, said second element havingan outer surface portion shaped spherically with the same diameter asthe spherical surface of said member, said second element having acylindrically curved surface portion having the same radius as and beingslidably rotatable on said central bottom portion of said secondcut-out, said second element having two surface portions symmetricallyflaring from the cylindrically curved surface portion of the secondelement, and a shaft means connected with each of said elements andindividually extending on the axis of symmetry of said elements.

2. A pump comprising a housing having a spherical pump chamber, an inletand an outlet conduit extending from said chamber and being disposed ona straight line, a member having a spherical surface and being rotatablein said chamber, said member having a first and a second cut-out, saidcut-outs being diametrically opposed, each cut-out having two plane,spaced, and parallel side walls arranged symmetrically with respect toplanes containing the center of said member, the side walls of the firstcut-cut being placed at a right angle to the side walls of the secondcut-out, said first cut-out having a concave, cylindrically curvedbottom portion, the longitudinal axis of said bottom portion coincidingwith a diameter of said member which diameter is at a right angle to theplanes of the side walls of said first cut-out, said first cut-outhaving two convexly curved bottom portions symmetrically flaring fromsaid concave bottom portion between said side walls to the sphericalsurface of said. member, a first operating element having two planeparallel side surfaces individually slidably engaging the plane parallelside walls of said first cut-out, said first element having an outersurface portion shaped spherically with the same diameter as thespherical surface of said member, said first element having a convexlycylindrically curved surface portion extending at a right angle to saidplane parallel surfaces and slidably fitting into the concavecylindrically curved bottom portion. of said first cut-out of saidmember. the circumferential extension of said convex surface portionbeing greater than the cylindrical extension of said concave bottomportion, said first element having two substantially concave surfaceportions symmetrically extending from said convex surface portion andindividually substantially conforming with the convexly curved bottomportions of said member, the angle enclosed by said concave surfaceportions being smaller than the angle enclosed by said convexly curvedbottom portions of the first cut-out, affording oscillation of saidmember relatively to said first element about the longitudinal axis ofsaid convex bottom portion, said second cut-out having a convexlycylindrically curved central bottom portion extending between and at aright angle to the planes of the side walls of said second cut-out andaround a diameter of said member, said second cut-out having twoconvexly curved bottom portions symmetrically flaring from said centralbottom portion of the second cut-out between said side walls to thespherical surface of said member, a second operating element having twoplane parallel side surfaces individually slidably engaging the planeparallel side walls of said second cut-out, said second element havingan outer surface portion shaped spherically with the same diameter asthe spherical surface of said member, said second element having aconcave cylindrically curved surface portion having the same radius andslidably engaging said central bottom portion. of said second cut-outand extending at a right angle to the side surfaces of the secondelement, said second element having two concave surface portionssymmetrically flaring from said concave, cylindrically curved surfaceportion of the second element and individually substantially conformingwith the convexly curved bottom portions of said second cutout, theangle enclosed by said flaring surface portions of said second elementbeing smaller than the angle enclosed by said convexly curved bottomportions of said second cut-out. affording oscillation of said memberrelating to said second element about the longitudinal axis of thecentral bottom portion of the second cut-out, and individual shaft meansindividually connected with each of said elements and extending radiallyof said member.

3. A pump as set forth in claim 2, the outer part of said symmetricalconcave surface portions of said first element extending in a directionsubstantially parallel to the line on which said conduits are disposed.

4. A pump as set forth in claim 2, said concave flaring surface portionsof said elements individually extending at a right angle to the parallelside surfaces of the respective elements.

5. A pump as set forth in claim 2, the shaft means connected with saidfirst element extending at a right angle to the line on which saidconduits are disposed, said inlet conduit having an interior wallportion adjacent to said first element, and a cut-away in said Wallportion.

6. A. pump as set forth in claim 2, comprising a cut-away in each ofsaid conduits adjacent to the pump chamber, said cut-aways beingdisposed on a diameter of the pump chamber.

FRITZ PAULSMEIER. HANS 'WARSCHAU.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 2,049,775 Holmes Aug. 4, 1936 2,353,780 Neuland July 18, 1944FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 333,256 Italy Dec. 24, 1935 400,508Great Britain Oct. 26, 1933

